“The potential for grid-connected vehicles to decimate our demand for liquid hydrocarbon fuels should be clear. Freed from the psychological barriers which hinder widespread market acceptance of pure battery electric vehicles, plug-in hybrids with an all-electric capability of just [30] kilometres would slash liquid fuel consumption, since such a high proportion of journeys undertaken are well within this range.”

"Plugged In: The End of the Oil Age” by WWF
(Dr. G. Kendall, 2008)

The Libralato Cycle
The following diagrams illustrates some of the key features of the Libralato engine cycle.

The following graph shows the Libralato cycle chamber pressures across 360o of engine rotation. This graph illustrates the unique interchange between the engine’s three internal volumes. Pressures of the expansion chamber can be seen by the red line on the left; the second stage compression can be seen by the pink line rising on the right; the first stage compression can be seen by the blue dotted line on the left and the expansion of the intake chamber can be seen by the solid blue line at the bottom.